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João Maria Correia Ayres de Campos (his surname also graphed Aires de Campos in contemporary Portuguese), 1st Count of Ameal, GCC, (Coimbra, February 5, 1847 – July 13, 1920) was a Portuguese politician and antiquarian, best known as a great art collector, maecenas and bibliophile. He is renowned chiefly as having assembled one of Portugal's largest and most important private art collections, as well as what was at the time the largest private library in the country;〔Various authors, "Conde do Ameal" in ''Enciclopédia Luso-Brasileira'', vol. II, Lisboa, 1965; p. 312: "O ilustre titular foi um dos nossos mais criteriosos coleccionadores, reünindo no seu palácio à Rua da Sofia um verdadeiro museu de preciosidades em artes () e aumentando a já notável livraria que o seu pai lhe legou, tornando-a uma das melhores bibliotecas privadas do país."〕 his collections are also famous for having been auctioned ''en masse'' after his death in 1920, leading to the largest auction recorded in the Iberian peninsula and one of the largest in Europe at the time. Several pieces belonging to him have since been incorporated in the collections of the Louvre, the Prado, and the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga in Lisbon. == Early life == João Maria Correia Ayres de Campos was born out of wedlock in Coimbra, the son of João Correia Ayres de Campos and Leonor da Conceição. His father, a renowned magistrate and antiquarian who for a number of years represented Coimbra in the Portuguese National Assembly, only saw to his official legitimation in 1860.〔Paulo Duarte de Almeida, ''Pedras de Armas nos Cemitérios de Coimbra'' (Instituto de Genealogia e Heráldica da Universidade do Porto, 2012), pp. 80 and 87.〕 From his father the Count of Ameal would eventually inherit a sizeable collection of manuscripts and early printed books as well as a small number of antiquities and objets d'art, a legacy which would later form the basis of his own private collection.〔Alberto de Sousa Matos Sequeira et al., ''Collections Comte de Ameal: Catalogue Descriptif'' (Lisbon, 1921): "Feu Mr. le Comte d'Ameal, dr. João Maria Correia Ayres de Campos, avait dejà herité de ses ancêtres le culte de l'art par le culte du livre. Son père le dr. João Correia Ayres de Campos, fondateur de la section d'Archéologie de l'Institut de Coïmbre, était un des plus illustres bibliophiles et bibliographes portugais ()."〕 As a young man, João Maria studied Law at the University of Coimbra – following on the footsteps of his father, who had pursued the same course of studies there in the 1830s. In 1876, he married Maria Amélia de Sande Mexia Vieira da Mota; issuing from an old landed family with a considerable tradition in the areas of magistrature and academia, she was the niece and sole heir of Carlos Pinto Vieira da Mota, 1st Count of Juncal, who would distinguish himself in the last decades of the nineteenth century as the head of the Portuguese Supreme Court of Justice. They had four children: *João de Sande Magalhães Mexia Salema Ayres de Campos, 2nd Count of Ameal (1877) *Maria de Sande Mexia Ayres de Campos (1880) *Jorge de Sande Mexia Ayres de Campos (1886) *Pedro de Sande Mexia Ayres de Campos Vieira da Mota, 2nd Count of Juncal (1889) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「João Maria Correia Ayres de Campos, 1st Count of Ameal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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